The Effect of Temperature and Standings Can Cause Deviations in Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Assays

Abstract

Blood samples were assayed for PSA values immediately after sampled or by standing for an assigned period. Variation of the free‐ (f), total‐ (t) values, and the free to total (f/t) ratios were determined. Mathematical models were used to interpret the phenomena of deviation. Smaller values of PSA values changed randomly with time and temperature of standings, resulting in varying f/t ratios, while larger initial PSA values were relatively unaffected to any significant extent.

Model interpreted that the changes of PSA values might be caused by higher temperature and time of standings, and conformational participation was also possible.     

Peculiarities of wave dynamics in media with oscillating inclusions

The article is concerned with mathematical models for media with oscillating inclusions. These models consist of mutually connected equations, one of which is the wave equation for carrying medium and others are equations of motion for partial oscillators. To close these models, we use cubic and nonlocal equations of state for the carrying medium. Travelling wave solutions to these models are studied in detail. Using qualitative analysis methods, the phase space is shown to contain periodic, homo- and heteroclinic trajectories. Moreover, in the case of nonlocal models we observe the creation of quasiperiodic and chaotic regimes. Bifurcations of localized regimes are studied via the Poincaré section technique.     

Direct and adjoint global stability analysis of turbulent transonic flows over a NACA0012 profile

In this work, various turbulent solutions of the two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional compressible Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations are analyzed using global stability theory. This analysis is motivated by the onset of flow unsteadiness (Hopf bifurcation) for transonic buffet conditions where moderately high Reynolds numbers and compressible effects must be considered. The buffet phenomenon involves a complex interaction between the separated flow and a shock wave. The efficient numerical methodology presented in this paper predicts the critical parameters, namely, the angle of attack and Mach and Reynolds numbers beyond which the onset of flow unsteadiness appears. The geometry, a NACA0012 profile, and flow parameters selected reproduce situations of practical interest for aeronautical applications. The numerical computation is performed in three steps. First, a steady baseflow solution is obtained; second, the Jacobian matrix for the RANS equations based on a finite volume discretization is computed; and finally, the generalized eigenvalue problem is derived when the baseflow is linearly perturbed. The methodology is validated predicting the 2D Hopf bifurcation for a circular cylinder under laminar flow condition. This benchmark shows good agreement with the previous published computations and experimental data. In the transonic buffet case, the baseflow is computed using the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model and represents a mean flow where the high frequency content and length scales of the order of the shear‐layer thickness have been averaged. The lower frequency content is assumed to be decoupled from the high frequencies, thus allowing a stability analysis to be performed on the low frequency range. In addition, results of the corresponding adjoint problem and the sensitivity map are provided for the first time for the buffet problem. Finally, an extruded three‐dimensional geometry of the NACA0012 airfoil, where all velocity components are considered, was also analyzed as a Triglobal stability case, and the outcoming results were compared to the previous 2D limited model, confirming that the buffet onset is well detected. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sorption of methanol,dimethyl carbonate,methyl acetate,and acetone vapors in CTA and PTMSP: General findings from the GAB Analysis

Sorption of vapors of four organic compounds in two glassy polymers, cellulose triacetate (CTA) and poly[(trimethylsilyl)propyne] (PTMSP), has been reported and analyzed in terms of Guggenheim‐Anderson‐De Boer (GAB) model. These two structurally and physicochemically different glassy polymers both independently showed that one sorption site was formed by about three monomeric units. This finding held true for vapors of all characterized compounds; that is, for methanol, for its derivatives dimethyl carbonate and methyl acetate, and for acetone. The “rule of three” might thus also be applicable to other sorbates and glassy polymers. Further, an original modification of the GAB model for the sorption of alcohols in PTMSP was derived and successfully tested. Overall, the analyses of the sorption isotherms, heats of sorption and diffusion coefficients supported the view that the sorption of vapors in glassy polymers has adsorptive nature. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 561–569     

Vapor–liquid equilibria of some binary mixtures formed by methylethylketone at 94.7 kPa

Bubble temperatures at 94.7?kPa, for the binary mixtures formed by methylethylketone (MEK) with cyclo-hexanone, tetrahydrofuran, ortho- and meta-xylenes, bromobenzene, chlorobenzene, epichlorohydrin, nitrobenzene, and iso- and tert-butanols have been measured by means of a Swietoslawski-type ebulliometer. The data could be represented well by the Wilson model.     

THE GENERALIZED RIEMANN PROBLEM FOR A SCALAR NONCONVEX COMBUSTION MODEL-THE PERTURBATION ON INITIAL BINDING ENERGY

In this article,we study the generalized Riemann problem for a scalar nonconvex Chapman-Jouguet combustion model in a neighborhood of the origin (t ＞ 0) on the (x,t) plane.We focus our attention to the...     

Comments on “Modeling of chaotic motion of gyrostats in resistant environment on the base of dynamical systems with strange attractors” (Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 2011;16:3188-3202)

Extensive prior literature (not referenced in the paper) on links between mechanical gyrostats and nonlinear dynamical systems with strange attractors is called to the readers’ attention.     

Coordinatively Unsaturated Amidotitanocene Cations with Inverted σ and π Bond Strengths: Controlled Release of Aminyl Radicals and Hydrogenation/Dehydrogenation Catalysis

Cationic amidotitanocene complexes [Cp₂Ti(NPhAr)][B(C₆F₅)₄] (Cp=η⁵-C₅H₅; Ar=phenyl ( 1 a ), p-tolyl ( 1 b ), p-anisyl ( 1 c )) were isolated. The bonding situation was studied by DFT (Density Functional Theory) using EDA-NOCV (Energy Decomposition Analysis with Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence). The polar Ti−N bond in 1 a–c features an unusual inversion of σ and π bond strengths responsible for the balance between stability and reactivity in these coordinatively unsaturated species. In solution, 1 a–c undergo photolytic Ti−N cleavage to release Ti(III) species and aminyl radicals ⋅ NPhAr. Reaction of 1 b with H₃BNHMe₂ results in fast homolytic Ti−N cleavage to give [Cp₂Ti(H₃BNHMe₂)][B(C₆F₅)₄] ( 3 ). 1 a–c are highly active precatalysts in olefin hydrogenation and silanes/amines cross-dehydrogenative coupling, whilst 3 efficiently catalyzes amine-borane dehydrogenation. The mechanism of olefin hydrogenation was studied by DFT and the cooperative H₂ activation key step was disclosed using the Activation Strain Model (ASM).     

Effect of thickness of CdTe/Ge heterojunction photodetectors on optoelectronic properties

The influence of the thickness of CdTe/n-Ge heterojunction photodetectors on I–V curves was studied experimentally and theoretically. The thicknesses of the CdTe thin films were 110, 130, 150, and 200 nm. The power intensity of illumination was 150 mW/cm². Increasing the thickness led to an increase in photocurrent.     

Vulnerability analysis of interdependent infrastructure systems: A methodological framework

Infrastructure systems such as power and water supplies make up the cornerstone of modern society which is essential for the functioning of a society and its economy. They become more and more interconnected and interdependent with the development of scientific technology and social economy. Risk and vulnerability analysis of interdependent infrastructures for security considerations has become an important subject, and some achievements have been made in this area. Since different infrastructure systems have different structural and functional properties, there is no universal all-encompassing ‘silver bullet solution’ to the problem of analyzing the vulnerability associated with interdependent infrastructure systems. So a framework of analysis is required. This paper takes the power and water systems of a major city in China as an example and develops a framework for the analysis of the vulnerability of interdependent infrastructure systems. Four interface design strategies based on distance, betweenness, degree, and clustering coefficient are constructed. Then two types of vulnerability (long-term vulnerability and focused vulnerability) are illustrated and analyzed. Finally, a method for ranking critical components in interdependent infrastructures is given for protection purposes. It is concluded that the framework proposed here is useful for vulnerability analysis of interdependent systems and it will be helpful for the system owners to make better decisions on infrastructure design and protection.